Joshua Heschel Zoref

Joshua Heschel Zoref was a prominent figure in 17th-century Judaism, particularly within the Lithuanian Sabbatean movement. Born in 1633, he led an ascetic lifestyle, devoting himself to spiritual pursuits. Zoref's life was marked by intense religious fervor, which peaked during the messianic excitement of 1666. It was during this period that he reported experiencing profound visions, drawing parallels with the prophetic experiences of Ezekiel.

Zoref's spiritual convictions led him to believe he embodied the role of Messiah ben Joseph, a designation he shared with Judah Leib Prossnitz. In this eschatological framework, he saw himself as a complementary figure to Shabbatai Tzvi, who was perceived as the Messiah ben David. Through his beliefs and experiences, Zoref played a significant part in shaping the theological and messianic discourse within the Sabbatean movement. He passed away in 1700, leaving behind a legacy as a key figure in the complex and fascinating history of Jewish mysticism and messianic thought.